Infertility in men may be caused by decreased sperm production, abnormal sperm function, or
blockages that prevent the delivery of sperm. Illnesses, injuries, chronic health problems,
lifestyle choices, and other factors may cause male infertility.
Symptoms
The main sign of male infertility is the inability to conceive a child. There may be no other obvious signs or symptoms. In some cases, however, an underlying problem such as an inherited disorder, hormonal imbalance, dilated veins around the testicle, or a condition that blocks the passage of sperm causes signs and symptoms. Signs and symptoms you may notice include:
- Problems with sexual function — for example, difficulty with ejaculation or small volumes of fluid ejaculated
- reduced sexual desire,
- difficulty maintaining an erection (erectile dysfunction)
- Pain, swelling, or a lump in the testicle area
- Repeated respiratory infections
- Inability to smell
- Increased breast growth (gynecomastia)
- Less facial or body hair may be a sign of hormonal abnormality
- A lower-than-normal sperm count (fewer than 20 million sperm per milliliter of semen or a total sperm count of less than 39 million per ejaculate)
When should you see a doctor
See a doctor if you have been unable to conceive a child after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse or sooner if you have any of the following:
- Erection or ejaculation problems, low sex drive, or other problems with sexual function
- Pain, discomfort, or swelling in the testicle area
- History of testicle, prostate, or sexual problems
- A testicle, penis, or scrotum surgery
- A partner over age 35
Diagnosing male infertility problems usually involves:
- General physical examination and medical history
- Semen analysis
Andrologists measure the number of sperm present and look for any abnormalities in the shape (morphology) and movement (motility) of the sperm. The lab will also check your semen for signs of problems such as infections.
Your doctor might recommend additional tests to help identify the cause of your infertility. These can include:
- Scrotal ultrasound
- Hormone testing.
- Sperm function test
- DNA fragmentation index test
Consult a Specialist
Dr. Amreen specialises in both male and female infertility diagnosis and treatment. Click below to view their complete profile or to book an appointment.
